Small Launch Vehicle Comparison: Dedicated and Rideshare Options

For small satellite operators, the launch decision is among the most consequential and least reversible choices in a mission. Orbit selection, schedule certainty, and cost all hinge on which vehicle and service model you select. The market has matured significantly: small satellite operators can now choose between dedicated small-lift vehicles providing schedule and orbit control, or rideshare services on larger vehicles offering lower per-kilogram costs with less flexibility. Neither option is universally superior; the right choice depends on mission requirements.

The Core Trade: Dedicated vs. Rideshare

Rideshare on a Falcon 9 Transporter mission offers some of the lowest published per-kilogram prices in the industry for sun-synchronous orbit destinations, but the operator accepts the primary customer's schedule and orbital parameters. Dedicated missions give operators control over inclination, altitude, and launch timing, but at a higher total mission cost, though that premium has narrowed considerably as small vehicle launch rates have increased.

Leading Dedicated Small-Lift Vehicles

• Rocket Lab Electron: The most frequently flown dedicated small-lift vehicle, with a payload capacity of approximately 300 kg to a 500 km SSO. Electron has established a strong cadence from Launch Complex 1 (Mahia, New Zealand) and Launch Complex 2 (Wallops, Virginia), with Rocket Lab working toward first-stage reuse. Per-launch pricing is typically in the range of $7–8 million for dedicated missions, equating to high per-kilogram costs but maximum mission control.
• ISRO PSLV and SSLV: India's PSLV remains a reliable rideshare workhorse with a long track record of launching commercial payloads. ISRO's Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV), introduced in 2023, targets payloads up to 500 kg to SSO and is priced competitively for the international market.
• Exos Aerospace / Aevum Ravn: Air-launched options continue to be developed, targeting rapid-response small satellite deployment, though commercial cadence for these providers remains limited relative to ground-launched options.
• Isar Aerospace Spectrum: A European small-lift vehicle under development, targeting payload capacity of up to 1,000 kg to LEO, with first launch expected in the 2025–2026 timeframe. Part of a broader European push to develop independent commercial access to orbit.
• Orbex Prime: A UK-based small launch vehicle targeting SSO from SaxaVord Spaceport in Scotland, designed with a focus on sustainability using bio-propane fuel.
• RocketStar and other U.S. entrants: A wave of U.S. small launch startups continue to develop vehicles, though most have not yet reached operational status with demonstrated launch cadence.

Leading Rideshare Services

• SpaceX Transporter (Falcon 9): The dominant rideshare provider. Transporter missions deploy dozens to hundreds of smallsats per flight to SSO, with a published price point for SmallSat Rideshare that has set a market benchmark. Operators accept SpaceX's schedule and the shared orbit plane.
• D-Orbit ION: An in-orbit transportation service that flies as a rideshare payload and then performs its own orbital maneuvers to deploy customer satellites to specific orbital slots, combining rideshare economics with some dedicated-mission flexibility.
• Exolaunch: A German integration and deployment service that flies as a rideshare payload, offering integration services, deployment hardware, and mission management.
• Rocket Lab's Rideshare on Electron: For even smaller payloads, Rocket Lab offers shared flights where multiple customer payloads share a single Electron launch, at prices lower than full-dedicated missions.

Key Decision Factors

• Orbit requirements: If your mission requires a specific inclination that is not served by standard rideshare lanes (SSO or ISS-inclination), dedicated launch may be the only viable option.
• Schedule certainty: Time-sensitive missions (disaster response constellations, time-critical technology demonstrations) pay a premium for dedicated launch windows. Rideshare missions can experience delays when a primary customer shifts their schedule.
• Mass and volume: Very small payloads (under 10 kg) are well-served by rideshare, where dedicated per-launch costs would be prohibitive. Larger smallsats in the 100–300 kg range benefit most from the dedicated vs. rideshare trade.
• Integration timeline: Rideshare providers typically have fixed integration cutoffs tied to primary customer schedules. Dedicated providers can offer more flexible integration timelines.

Market Outlook

Competition in the small launch market remains intense. Per-kilogram prices have declined substantially over the past decade and are likely to continue falling as launch cadence increases and vehicle reuse becomes standard. The greatest pressure on dedicated small-lift providers comes from SpaceX's Transporter rideshare pricing, which continues to attract cost-sensitive operators willing to accept less schedule control.

For constellation operators building out networks of tens or hundreds of satellites, the economics of rideshare are compelling for initial deployment. Replenishment and targeted orbital slot filling, however, favor dedicated launch, a dynamic that keeps both market segments viable.

Track upcoming launch opportunities in the SpaceNexus launch schedule tracker, and compare mission planning parameters using our mission planning tools.