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Week in Space Data, every Friday.
Quarterly release · Q3 2025
SpaceNexus Most Active Space Investors
Which investors led the most disclosed space funding rounds in the quarter, and over the trailing twelve months.
This period closed before the release began publishing on a calendar. The figures are computed from the same tables, but this is a back-calculation rather than what we would have published at the time. Scheduled editions begin with 2026-Q2.
Space rounds counted
15
8 of 23 recorded transactions fall outside the rule and are listed below
Disclosed capital
$708M
A floor: undisclosed rounds contribute nothing. A further $2.04B of recorded transactions (IPOs, secondaries, debt, grants and non-space recipients) is excluded by the rule, not hidden.
Rounds naming a lead
9 of 15
60.0%; the ranking below sees only these
Distinct lead investors
10
21 in Q2 2025. Co-led rounds credit every co-lead.
Lead investors, Q3 2025
Investors ranked by the number of rounds they are recorded as leading inside the quarter.
Lead investors, Q3 2025. Investors ranked by the number of rounds they are recorded as leading inside the quarter. 10 rows.
#
Investor
Rounds led
Disclosed total
Median round
Sectors backed
Companies
1
Interlagos
1
$200.0M
$200.0M
manufacturing
Apex
2
Natural Capital
1
$187.0M
$187.0M
manufacturing
Varda Space Industries
3
Shrug Capital
1
$187.0M
$187.0M
manufacturing
Lead investors, trailing twelve months
The same ranking over the four quarters ending with this one: the stabler table, and the one to cite for "most active".
Lead investors, trailing twelve months. The same ranking over the four quarters ending with this one: the stabler table, and the one to cite for "most active". Showing the first 10 of 54 rows.
#
Investor
Rounds led
Disclosed total
Median round
Sectors backed
1
Interlagos
2
$250.0M
$125.0M
infrastructure; manufacturing
2
Founders Fund
2
$198.8M
$99.4M
infrastructure; manufacturing
3
Linse Capital
1
$300.0M
$300.0M
infrastructure
4
Investor participation, Q3 2025
Investors ranked by rounds they appear in at all, lead or otherwise. A different question from the lead table, and a weaker denominator.
Investor participation, Q3 2025. Investors ranked by rounds they appear in at all, lead or otherwise. A different question from the lead table, and a weaker denominator. 9 rows.
#
Investor
Rounds
Disclosed round value
Sectors
1
Founders Fund
1
$187.0M
manufacturing
2
Khosla Ventures
1
$187.0M
manufacturing
3
Lux Capital
1
$187.0M
manufacturing
4
NewSpace Capital
1
$15.0M
manufacturing
5
Leads new to the table
Investors who led a round this quarter and led none in the previous 4 quarters of our records.
Leads new to the table. Investors who led a round this quarter and led none in the previous 4 quarters of our records. 7 rows.
Investor
Rounds led
Disclosed total
Companies
Natural Capital
1
$187.0M
Varda Space Industries
Shrug Capital
1
$187.0M
Varda Space Industries
Yaletown Partners
1
$34.0M
GHGSat
ATW Partners
1
$30.0M
SpinLaunch
UK Innovation & Science Seed Fund (UKI2S), Foresight Group, Blackfinch Ventures
1
$7.3M
Spaceflux
Join Capital; North Ventures
Rounds behind these tables
Every round the rule counts, largest disclosed first, with its source. This is the row set the tables above are computed from. What the rule left out is in the next table, not missing.
Rounds behind these tables. Every round the rule counts, largest disclosed first, with its source. This is the row set the tables above are computed from. What the rule left out is in the next table, not missing. Showing the first 10 of 15 rows.
Date
Company
Sector
Stage
Amount
Lead
Source
2025-09-12
Apex
manufacturing
Series D
$200.0M
Interlagos
PR Newswire
2025-07-10
Varda Space Industries
manufacturing
Series C
$187.0M
Natural Capital; Shrug Capital
SpaceNews
2025-09-17
Hubble Network
ground-segment
Series B
$70.0M
–
SpaceNews
Transactions the rule excludes
Every transaction recorded against a tracked company in the quarter that does NOT reach the capital figure, with the reason. Published so the headline can be checked rather than trusted.
Transactions the rule excludes. Every transaction recorded against a tracked company in the quarter that does NOT reach the capital figure, with the reason. Published so the headline can be checked rather than trusted. 8 rows.
Date
Company
Stage
Amount
Instrument
Why it is excluded
2025-08-07
Firefly Aerospace
IPO
$998.6M
public-market
A public-market offering, not a private funding round.
2025-09-28
Galactic Energy
Series D
$336.3M
state
Capital from governments or state-owned funds, not private funding.
2025-09-24
Geespace
Strategic financing
$280.6M
state
Capital from governments or state-owned funds, not private funding.
2025-07-17
Hadrian
Investor strings this edition rewrote
Our sources record a jointly-led round as one free-text string. Every string this edition split or renamed is listed here with what it became, over the whole trailing-twelve-month window, so a wrong split is visible rather than buried in an aggregate.
Investor strings this edition rewrote. Our sources record a jointly-led round as one free-text string. Every string this edition split or renamed is listed here with what it became, over the whole trailing-twelve-month window, so a wrong split is visible rather than buried in an aggregate. Showing the first 10 of 25 rows.
As recorded
Read as
Rule applied
Rows
a16z
Andreessen Horowitz
renamed
3
Chengdu Major Industrialization Project Phase II Equity Investment Fund (Chengdu Advanced Capital)
Chengdu Major Industrialization Project Phase II Equity Investment Fund
renamed
2
1789 Capital / Type One Ventures
1789 Capital; Type One Ventures
split
1
a16z (Andreessen Horowitz)
Andreessen Horowitz
renamed
1
Alpine Space Ventures / a16z
Methodology
•Every figure is a count or a sum over the FundingRound table joined to the company profile. No estimate, model or projection is used anywhere in this release.
•Only PRIVATE SPACE ROUNDS are counted. A transaction must be primary private capital into the company: IPOs, direct listings, SPAC mergers, PIPEs and registered directs are public-market offerings; tender offers and secondaries move shares that already exist; debt is borrowing and grants are not investment. It must also go to a company our records classify as doing space work, which for cross-domain sectors such as defence and aerospace requires the recorded subsector to name space. Every excluded transaction is published in the edition with the reason. The full rule travels in each edition’s coverage block.
•A round is attributed to the quarter its announced date falls in, in UTC.
•A round counts toward an investor only when that investor is recorded as the LEAD. Participation without a lead credit is ranked in a separate table, because we do not hold complete participant lists and a partial one would rank the wrong firms.
What this edition can and cannot see
Coverage limits travel with the numbers, here and in every export of them.
•WHAT THE CAPITAL FIGURE COUNTS. A round reaches the disclosed-capital total only if it passes two tests, and both are read from fields the row already carries.
•FIRST, THE INSTRUMENT. It must be primary private capital going into the company: a priced equity round, a convertible note, a bridge or an extension. Excluded are IPOs, direct listings, SPAC mergers, PIPEs, registered directs and other public-market offerings; tender offers, secondaries and share sales, which move shares that already exist and put no new money into the company; debt, which is borrowing rather than investment; owner funding, an owner putting their own money into the company, which no outside investor priced; state capital, a round whose money comes wholly or mostly from governments or state-owned funds, which is not private funding; and grants, which are non-dilutive public money. The test is the round’s own recorded type and stage. One case needs the company too: a private placement into a listed company is a PIPE and is excluded, while the same label on a private company is an ordinary private round and counts. More generally, a raise by a listed company is a public-market deal unless the row names a private stage (Seed, Series A and so on), which only exists before listing. A company counts as listed from its first trading day on a stock exchange, or the close of its SPAC merger: a round dated before that day is the company’s private history and is classed like any private company’s round. Where we have not yet recorded a listed company’s listing date, its current listing status decides and the row is marked as such.
Sources and licences
The same credits are written into every CSV and JSON export of this data, so a downloaded file still names its sources.
UK Companies House: Company registration data from the UK Companies House register. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Open Government Licence v3.0
Cite this edition
Cite or embed this data
Citation
SpaceNexus Most Active Space Investors, Q3 2025. SpaceNexus, data as of 2025-09-30. https://spacenexus.us/releases/most-active-investors/2025-Q3. https://spacenexus.us/releases/most-active-investors/2025-Q3 (retrieved 2026-10-07).
Free to cite and embed with attribution. Data updates continuously; the citation date pins your retrieval.
SN
By SpaceNexus Data
Computed from SpaceNexus data - no model is involved in producing a release
Every figure here is arithmetic over our own rows (counts, sums, deltas and rankings), and the page and its export are built by the same code, so they cannot disagree. How this edition is computed
Varda Space Industries
4
Yaletown Partners
1
$34.0M
$34.0M
analytics
GHGSat
5
ATW Partners
1
$30.0M
$30.0M
launch
SpinLaunch
6
NewSpace Capital
1
$15.0M
$15.0M
manufacturing
K2 Space
7
UK Innovation & Science Seed Fund (UKI2S), Foresight Group, Blackfinch Ventures
1
$7.3M
$7.3M
analytics
Spaceflux
8
Join Capital; North Ventures
1
$5.8M
$5.8M
ground-segment
Quadsat
9
Outlander VC
1
$5.4M
$5.4M
manufacturing
Catalyx Space
10
Beyond Next Ventures
1
$0
–
infrastructure
ElevationSpace
Computed over the 9 of 15 counted space rounds in the quarter that name a lead investor. A jointly-led round credits every co-lead with one round led, so the disclosed-total column sums to more than the quarter’s capital: it is a per-investor figure, not a share of the market.
Accel
1
$260.0M
$260.0M
defense
5
Point72 Ventures
1
$200.0M
$200.0M
manufacturing
6
Natural Capital
1
$187.0M
$187.0M
manufacturing
7
Shrug Capital
1
$187.0M
$187.0M
manufacturing
8
Eldridge Industries
1
$174.0M
$174.0M
launch
9
Tikehau Capital, Axial Partners
1
$170.0M
$170.0M
satellite
10
Balderton Capital and Plural
1
$160.0M
$160.0M
infrastructure
Computed over the 50 of 77 counted space rounds in the trailing twelve months that name a lead investor (101 transactions were recorded in the window before the rule was applied). Co-leads are credited individually.
Showing the first 10 of 54 rows. 44 more in this table, plus every column the display leaves out.
The complete row set and its CSV and JSON exports are part of a SpaceNexus Research seat. The figures above are computed from exactly the same rows, so the summary and the export can never disagree. What a Research seat covers.
Blackfinch Ventures
1
$7.3M
analytics
6
Foresight Group
1
$7.3M
analytics
7
Seraphim Space
1
$7.3M
analytics
8
UKI2S
1
$7.3M
analytics
9
Beyond Next Ventures
1
$0
infrastructure
Only 4 of 15 counted space rounds in the quarter carry an investor list. Disclosed round value is the size of the rounds an investor appears in, NOT the amount that investor put in: we do not hold per-investor allocations and will not infer them.
1
$5.8M
Quadsat
Outlander VC
1
$5.4M
Catalyx Space
Absence from the lookback window means we recorded no lead credit for that investor, not that the firm was inactive.
2025-08-26
Aerospacelab
manufacturing
Series B extension
$65.3M
–
Aerospacelab
2025-07-01
Firefly Aerospace
launch
Series D-4
$58.7M
–
SEC EDGAR (Firefly Aerospace Form 424B4 prospectus)
2025-09-15
GHGSat
analytics
Convertible Note
$34.0M
Yaletown Partners
GHGSat
2025-08-18
SpinLaunch
launch
Series C
$30.0M
ATW Partners
SEC EDGAR Form D
2025-08-01
Xoople
analytics
Equity round
$25.1M
–
Addleshaw Goddard (company counsel announcement)
2025-09-15
K2 Space
manufacturing
Strategic
$15.0M
NewSpace Capital
Payload
2025-07-25
Spaceflux
analytics
Seed
$7.3M
UK Innovation & Science Seed Fund (UKI2S), Foresight Group, Blackfinch Ventures
UKTN
A blank amount means the round is real and its size was never disclosed. Nothing downstream infers one. The Lead column is the recorded string split into its co-leads; the string exactly as stored travels in the export as leadInvestorAsRecorded.
Showing the first 10 of 15 rows. 5 more in this table, plus every column the display leaves out.
The complete row set and its CSV and JSON exports are part of a SpaceNexus Research seat. The figures above are computed from exactly the same rows, so the summary and the export can never disagree. What a Research seat covers.
Series C
$260.0M
venture
The company's recorded sector is "defense" and its subsector "advanced-manufacturing", and neither names space work.
2025-09-18
i-Space
Series D+ (first close)
$98.5M
state
Capital from governments or state-owned funds, not private funding.
2025-09-12
Cailabs
EIB financing
$43.4M
debt
Borrowing, not equity investment.
2025-09-12
Cailabs
Equity portion of EIB-led structured round
$23.4M
state
Capital from governments or state-owned funds, not private funding.
2025-09-25
Momentus
equity
$1.6M
public-market
A public-market offering, not a private funding round.
8 of 23 recorded transactions, $2.04B in disclosed value. Nothing here has been deleted or altered in the database: these rows are excluded from ONE figure, and they are printed so the exclusion is checkable.
Alpine Space Ventures; Andreessen Horowitz
split-and-renamed
1
Andreessen Horowitz (scout fund)
Andreessen Horowitz
renamed
1
AXIS (ICO)
AXIS
renamed
1
CDTI (Innvierte)
CDTI
renamed
1
Chiba Bank Capital (Chibagin Capital)
Chiba Bank Capital
renamed
1
Eclipse
Eclipse Ventures
renamed
1
Split only on a slash with whitespace on both sides. Ampersands and commas are deliberately left alone, because "Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace", "Mitsui & Co." and "ESA European Launcher Challenge (Germany, UK)" are single names, so a co-lead pair joined by an ampersand is under-credited rather than wrongly split. Strings that passed through unchanged are not listed.
Showing the first 10 of 25 rows. 15 more in this table, plus every column the display leaves out.
The complete row set and its CSV and JSON exports are part of a SpaceNexus Research seat. The figures above are computed from exactly the same rows, so the summary and the export can never disagree. What a Research seat covers.
•
Jointly-led rounds are split. Our sources record co-leads as one string ("Eclipse / Riot Ventures"); we split on a slash with whitespace on both sides and on nothing else, because an ampersand or a comma can sit inside a real firm name, and credit each co-lead with one round led. Each edition publishes every string it split or renamed.
•Rounds with an undisclosed amount are counted in the round count and contribute $0 to totals. Totals are therefore a floor, never an estimate.
•Ranking is by rounds led, descending; ties break on disclosed total, then on investor name (A–Z), so the table is reproducible.
•"New to the table" means the investor led no counted round in the previous four quarters. It is a statement about our records, not about the firm.
•SECOND, THE RECIPIENT. The company’s own recorded sector must describe space work. Sectors such as defense, defence, aerospace, government and military span more than one domain, so for those, and only those, we additionally require the recorded subsector to name space, orbit, satellite, launch, lunar or spacecraft work. A company with no recorded sector is excluded. Marketing tags are deliberately not consulted: several defence companies tag themselves “defense-space” while building no space hardware.
•This makes the figure a conservative floor. A genuine space round misfiled under a cross-domain sector will be missing from it, and that is the direction we choose to be wrong in. Every excluded round is published in the exclusions table on this page with the rule that excluded it: nothing is deleted to make the number look better.
•APPLIED TO THIS QUARTER. 23 transactions are recorded against tracked companies, 15 of them pass the rule and 8 do not. The 8 excluded carry $2.04B of disclosed value, and every one of them is printed in the exclusions table above with the reason it was refused.
•Of the 15 counted rounds, 13 disclosed an amount. Totals are a floor, not an estimate.
•9 of 15 counted rounds name a lead investor (60.0%). Every lead ranking on this page is computed over that subset only.
•4 of 15 counted rounds carry a wider investor list. The participation table is computed over that subset, and it is the weaker of the two attributions.
•HOW CO-LED ROUNDS ARE READ. Our sources record a jointly-led round as one free-text string, such as "Eclipse / Riot Ventures". We split those on a slash with whitespace on both sides, and on nothing else, because an ampersand or a comma can sit inside a real firm name; each co-lead is then credited with one round led. A short list of variant spellings that both appear in our own data is merged to one name. Every string that was split or renamed is listed in the normalisation table above. One consequence to keep in mind: a round led by two firms appears in full under both, so the disclosed-total column of a ranking sums to more than the quarter did.
•Our round coverage is built from regulatory filings, company announcements and cited press coverage. It is not a census of the market, and an investor absent from a table may simply be absent from our records for that quarter.
•Sector is taken from the company profile as it stands today, so a company that changed sector is reported under its current one in every quarter. The space test above is therefore applied using the classification as it stands today.
•Every figure on this page is a count, a sum, a median or a ratio over our own rows. Nothing is model-generated, estimated or projected.